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Case History - Section 2

Atopy

Atopy is best defined as a personal and/or familial tendency, usually in childhood or adolescence, to become sensitized and produce IgE antibodies in response to ordinary exposure to low doses of allergens, usually proteins. As a consequence, atopic individuals can develop typical symptoms of allergic asthma, allergic rhinitis and allergic conjunctivitis, or atopic eczema/atopic dermatitis.

Family History

Both of James's parents are atopic and his mother suffered from atopic eczema.

His father suffered from childhood asthma and continues with allergic rhinitis.

James's mother is now pregnant with her second child.

Examination

At the time of presentation, James has severe generalised atopic eczema with serous exudation and secondary infection.

His growth and development were normal for his age and examination of the respiratory system revealed no abnormalities.



Q2. What advice can be given to the mother to reduce the risk of her second child developing allergic disease?

Select the answer that is correct:

  1. Breastfeeding for at least 6 months and avoiding exposure to environmental tobacco smoke

  2. Primary preventative measures should always be implemented what ever the cost

  3. Allergen avoidance

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